英语单词解说 鸦片
你可知道为什么主要成分为鸦片(opium)的止痛镇静剂「吗啡」的英文名称是 "morphine"吗?这里要介绍一个有趣的希腊字根 "morph"﹝ ﹞ ,其意思为 "form, shape"(型态,形状)。它源自希腊神话中的『睡梦之神』(the god of dreams and sleep)Morpheus﹝ ﹞,因此当我们说「她坠入梦乡了」, 英文的说法是 "She is in the arms of Morpheus".神话中的Morpheus 掌理的不仅是人类的睡梦 , 祂也赋予我们睡梦中的人物各种不同的形体。因此,代表Morpheus的字根 "morph" 就是「型态」之意 , 而专门研究动植物型体的「型态学」或语言型态的「语型学」就是 "morphology"﹝ ﹞ n. (form+study)。而吗啡的成分在进入人体后 , 具有昏迷麻醉的(narcotic)﹝ ﹞a. 作用 , 使人犹如置身幻梦之境 , 因此吗啡的英文名称 "morphine"也就与睡梦之神Morpheus脱离不了关系 , 而且,任何足以催眠之物也称为Morpheus。
明白 morph 的来源与含意之后 , 我们就很容易吸收下列含有 morph字根的相关字汇,例如:amorphous ﹝ ﹞adj.(without+ form 无形的);morphinism ﹝ ﹞n.(吗啡中毒);morphinomaniac﹝ ﹞n.(morphine + mad) 吗啡瘾者; metamorphosis﹝ ﹞n.(change+form)蜕变,变形;metamorphose﹝ ﹞v.(变形,变质)。
然而,正确的英文学习是从文章、句子中去认识语法与单字、成语的用法。与其认识时个单字不如会运用一个单字,因此如能将上列习得的单字造出短句 [愈短愈好(The shorter, the better),便于记忆],这些字汇就会由了无生机的单字 metamorphose, 变成有血有肉、充满生命的句子, 例如:
1. My report is still amorphous .
我的报告尚未成形。
2. He is a morphinomaniac, suffering from morphinism.
他是个吗啡瘾者,深受吗啡中毒之害。
3. I saw his metamorphosis from a little boy into an adult.
我看着他由一个小男孩转变为成人.
4. The witch metamorphosed the boy into a mouse.
那巫婆将男孩变成了老鼠.
- It matters to this on
- Along the coast of the vast Atlantic Ocean there lived an old man. Each day when the tide went out he would make his way alon
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- Iam who I am 我就是我
- I’m unique in this world. Maybe I’m similarto others in some way, but I’m irreplaceable. Every word and beh
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- Happy Teacher's Day 教师节愉快
- For all the great things you say and do…
The best teacher's award goes to you.
因为您的身教言教,颁给您最佳教
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- Then life will be better 生活会更美好
- Mytea is gone cold I’m wondering why i got out of bad at all. The morning rainclouds up my window and i can’t see
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- important ofyour mature 心理成熟
- A farmer took on firewood by tramping overmountains and through ravines every day, In order to get a day's rations andlet
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- When you getting older 当你老了
- All of the heart-break broke up won’t beharder than the final good-bye in the life. When that day comes to you, thebrok
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- So, smile away!继续微笑吧!
- The thing that goes the farthest towardmaking life worthwhile, that costs the least and does the most, is just apleasant smil
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- stare with you that way 生活亦是如此
- Much meaning can be conveyed, clearly, with our eyes, so it is often said that eyes can speak.
我们的眼睛能准确地传达一些信息
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