英语四级阅读理解解题技巧:词汇题
根据四级英语大纲的阅读技能要求和文章的特点以及题目设置的方式,可以将阅读理解的题型分为以下十种类型,针对不同题目类型总结出十大解题技巧:
词汇题
1. 题型特点
词义题的考查有两种:一是超纲词含义的推断,另一个是熟词僻义或是在特定场合的意思。
2. 标志
题干中具体给出原文中某处的单词或短语,要求推测其意思。
3. 关键词
能帮助读者猜测词义的上下文线索通常有定义、重述、解释、举例、同义词或近义词、反义词或标点符号等等。如通常使用信号词,如 is,are,is(are) called,mean, refer to,known as 等来引导定义。
4. 命题模式
(1) The word “…”(in line…)most probably means 。
(2) From the passage, we can infer that the word “…”is 。
(3) From the first paragraph, we learn that。
5. 做题关键
注意单词所在的上下文,尤其是上下句。假如所考单词是常见词汇,那么其字面意思一定不是正确答案,要根据上下文得出其在特定场合更深刻的意思,该含义也许和其字面意思没有任何的关系。
猜测词义的方法:(1)构词法:根据词根,词缀判断词义;(2)词性加搭配:先判断生词在文章中的词性,再看它与哪些词语可以搭配,最后根据自己的常识推测;(3)找同义词、同义解释、反义词、反义解释:在上下文中找出生词的其他表示方法,由此推断其含义;(4)找同位词:上下文中有可能有类似生词出现的句子的平行结构,找出其中和生词处于同一位置的词去推测。
6. 做题步骤
(1) 返回原文,找出该词汇出现的地方;
(2) 注意结合上下文理解该单词的含义;
(3) 如果该词汇是简单词汇,则其字面意思必然不是正确答案;
(4) 词汇题的正确答案经常蕴藏在原文该词汇出现的附近。特别注意不能靠单词词义直接往下过分推理;
(5) 寻找时要注意特殊标点、定语从句、构词的前后缀等,特别要注意寻找时的同性原则。例如,冒号前的词汇的意思可以由冒号后的部分归纳,破折号之后词汇的意思可以由破折号之前的部分推测;
(6)代入法。将确定的答案代入原文,看上下文逻辑是否通顺,如果通顺就是正确答案。
7. 注意事项
干扰项特点:(1)与所考词汇形似。(2)如果考的是熟词,含有常规词义的往往是错误选项。
- It matters to this on
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- For all the great things you say and do…
The best teacher's award goes to you.
因为您的身教言教,颁给您最佳教
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- Much meaning can be conveyed, clearly, with our eyes, so it is often said that eyes can speak.
我们的眼睛能准确地传达一些信息
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